the rapidly translated one of the texts contained in the " Bunte Bilder aus dem Schlesierlande, Bd. 2 "(1903), p. 285 ff.
And since you probably nienajzgrabniej. I tried to keep (if possible) the" spirit "of language, which tried to give the author, B. Eberhard. Please note: The story was created at the turn of the century, hence the style a bit pretentious. But interestingly to read German, can also be captured by the following translation into Polish.
arpacz K, the hometown of Giant Mountain Spirit, through whose narrow, built-up streets of tourists hurried past flits only by venturing to Snow White, in a modest cottages 50 years ago pomieszkiwali most naturalists, and even then only rarely and for a brief time, has changed remarkably over the last two decades. The impressive location at the foot of Snow White, ornate, built in the Karkonosze-style villas along the highways and streets, on the slopes and forests, as well as existing and emerging facilities for public use, give the town character of a mountain summer resort of the highest order. The beloved Silesia, I think everyone knows this pearl of the Giant Mountains, though by name, by hearsay.
And when today's Karpacz famous as a resort for almost the entire world, that's also an old Karpacz enjoyed considerable fame. This poor mountain village in the XVII century was known far beyond the borders of our province as a village, "healers and herbalists, who have yet fifty years ago at numerous fairs selling their herbs, roots, powders, essences and wonderful. The apparently unfinished story of Benjamin Werner in 1799, whose content is the history of Silesia years 1622-1675, we find such a note here: "To jakiegoż corner of Germany has not already arrived here prepared medicines in sealed glass jars? At which the markets may fail to tiny, fragrant pudełeczek splendidly with zachwalającymi Karpacz labels and the world-famous inscription: 'This real powder stomach, pulled by the nose, strengthens the head, removes the bouts, etc...' Czyżeś never heard of coming from there Laborantach, from which children are buying sugar, rhubarb, and peasants - the elixir of the stomach? In Poland, the Czech Republic and throughout Germany, you can ask about medications to Karpacz. Is there a village elsewhere, in which the peasants be living rather than pharmacists - God only knows. "
with the local characteristics have not survived to this day too many traces. Once a "rural pharmacists" do not have today - as a resort - even the pharmacy, and any attempts to establish so far ended in failure. Is it not surprising that in Karpacz not remember the "good old days" when almost every home housed a pharmacy? Former glory rural pharmacists had to give way before the rapid development of the municipality resort, a bygone traditions slowly hides a shadow of oblivion, a lab job for a long time does not flourish in the country Krakonoš.
only vague memories and legends still speak of this source of income, which for almost two centuries, residents gave the bread Karpacz. While collecting medicinal herbs and roots and their sale in the lowlands were already in the seventeenth century-specific, while extremely profitable way of earning population of Karpacz, the preparation of medicinal potions from herbs developed until after about 1700. The best-known communications on the foundation of the guild lab cite both "Schlesische Ökonomische Nachrichten from the year 1774, and " Schlesische Provinzialblätter " of 1797. About one thousand, two medics siedemsetnego from the University of Prague, had to flee because of the duel, which had fought, they found shelter in a herbalist named Melchior Großmann. During the process of hiding there, taking names and Salomon Nicolaus and - as it turned out - to become the biggest benefactors of their hosts. Fugitives traveled in remote mountains and valleys, and quickly saw all the riches of nature, which have been endowed with the area. By studying botanical possess deep knowledge about the nature and uses of various herbs and roots, so in the hidden corners of the area discovered a rich source of income. Soon, because they began to apply their knowledge in practice, preparing a simple way of meeting a famous medicine herbs and spices. These in turn were placed in - through the so-called. "Korzenników ( Wurzelmänner ) - to the lowlands, to the" suffering population. " Over time, art preparation of medicinal potions from herbs, roots and learned from refugees and their hosts, and their work began to be called "laboranctwem. The messages indicate that the first lab students were Melchior Großmann Exner and Jonas, but it is not known how long it stayed in Karpacz prascy two fugitives. However, their local friends quickly realized, as income is trading undertaken by these gimmicks. It is not surprising that the fear competition, closely guarded secrets of his art, and "laboranctwo" believed to be a good family inherited. However, since the time the family grew, so the secret knowledge could soon become widely available knowledge, lab - on the advice medical district of Jelenia Gora Ludwig - founded closed characteristics. Characteristics that, like any such association, welcomed students, who after five years of study have passed an examination before the Royal Collegio medico. But as an educated independent laboratory worker received only after the death of another, a senior member of the guild, occupying one of the 30 seats, which is a guaranteed number of declared officially in 1740, the statutes of the guild. In addition, the state was required license to operate his own laboratory, and therefore had to apply to the proper administration of the " Concessio for the product Laboratory and sale of medicines, which are also permit.
control over these "half-Chemists" exercised Royal Medical College, and in later years - the county physician. Every year in the company of a pharmacist specifically controlled lab supplies. Self Collegium medico and allocates detail what medications can produce lab, initially it was 46 Feature. Under pressure from the pharmacists, the power of the Supreme Government Ordinance of 30 September 1843, limits the number of preparations from 45 to 21 All medications sold were marked with labels with highly samochwalczymi descriptions. And so, the inscription on the immensely popular "herb for cleansing the lungs and blood," he preached, among others. "Relieved not only for its beautiful herbs, but specibus action, and because of the effects is recommended especially for melancholy, gout, diseases of the lungs and airways and scurvy. "
Medication was prepared from roots and herbs, which they bought in korzenników lab. They used the mineral substances, and even products imported from abroad, which provide them with kowarscy merchants or drogerzyści Wroclaw, the most common impurity was powdered deer horn.
dwellings lab did not differ externally from other rural houses, but their interior testified about the unusual occupation of the owners, were generally more spacious and comfortable and betrayed above-average education. Before each laboranckich houses was a small, well-kept garden, which grew luxuriantly rare alpine plants and other medicinal herbs: angelica Litwor, lovage, Gorysz miarz, Valerian (Commonly known as valerian), wszewłoga mountain and Oman. In attics and lofts herbs and roots were drying up, would then sit in special herbal pantries. Preparation of herbs that are held in a similar to gazebos przybudówkach laboratory where the apparatus has to prepare the extracts, distillation and filtration. Prepared medications stored in a residential room: it was here in the dense rows of colorfully painted shelves and cupboards, solid glass bottles, vials, jars and bottles of various shapes and sizes, cans and boxes adorned - all meticulously described.
lab work was purely mechanical: having no extensive knowledge of chemistry, "synthesized" as inherited from the ancestors of formulas and rules. Despite the ban were entering raw Niwa also reserved for doctors: as manufactured medicines, felt that they also have the right to apply, the patients were of the opinion that anyone who produces a cure must be smarter than that prescribed them only. Undoubtedly lab distinguished among other rural residents to its general education, and therefore enjoyed considerable respect. And although his art grew, relying exclusively on practical experience, that's willing to learn what might help them in carrying out their trade. Mainly studied Latin, so their expert knowledge of names of plants and roots, as well as medicines made from them. Yes, Latin certainly considered it an important part of his art, hence it is given to science in particular, employing as teachers of former theologians. Out of respect for grown art lab and the students had to learn Latin, receiving his masters from the detailed instructions in using this language. Besides lab very often benefited from the knowledge of Latin, satisfying his considerable vanity. So called " laborantami ", not manufactured, but " laborowali " their " liquores " and "Aquas " to extract from the " tea" and " radices ," and his " speciebus "deliver all sorts of" dolores . "
The fairs of Silesia lab meetings could be selling their drops and powders in a publicly accessible stalls. With this in such a way that markets were divided among themselves, before the death of one - another is not sold in the same market its products. In Silesia, they can be found at fairs in Wroclaw, Zabkowice Sl. Reichenbach, Swidnica, Opole, Nysa, Legnica, Boleslawiec and many others. Due to the low price of medications such as "Karpaczańskich Drop," "Tea for cleansing the lungs and blood" were many clients with so in the short term lab achieved a significant prosperity. However, since the owners of conventional pharmacies lose by "those pigularzy and quacks' earnings, and this seriously, they decided to stifle competition. With their initiative, already in 1809 prohibited Laborantom doorstep medications, since they had access only to the markets in the Lower Silesia. Later restrictions were tightened even further, and by order of April 21, 1819, they were allowed to trade exclusively on the fair in those cities where the doctor had established district. Government Order of 30 September 1843 The lab turned out to be the nail in the coffin: stopped issuing new licenses, and the rest have six Laborantom concessions had to be withdrawn with immediate effect. However, after the intercession of the Countess von Reden Bukowiec ( how great it was a wonderful, generous woman, this Mrs - editor. Crowd. ) allowed six of them still active Laborantom cultivate his art until his death.
In this way, the famous ice lab Guild came to an end, it was this time when this great tradition of flower Karkonosze had irreversibly fade after 150 years to help ailing people. March 28, 1884, passed away the last of the lab, EA Zölfel, taking all knowledge to the grave laborancką; so-called "ordinary people" sincerely mourned his death.
not the place to decide whether the medical-scientific point of view, lab was useful, it is certain, however, that the lab no doubt greatly contributed to the fame and cultural development of Karpacz.
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